Pre-Columbian Zapotec pottery urn

Zapotec Effigy Urn, circa 500–800 A.D.
Height: 5 in. (12.7 cm)

A finely modeled ceramic effigy urn depicting a seated figure, characteristic of the Classic-period Zapotec tradition of Monte Albán. The figure is shown with a broad headdress, large circular earspools, and a layered garment draped across the torso, with hands resting firmly on the knees in a posture of authority. The face is sensitively rendered with prominent lips, aquiline nose, and half-closed almond-shaped eyes, conveying a sense of solemnity.

Traces of red and cream pigment remain, suggesting the vessel was once vividly painted. The cylindrical back wall, rising vertically behind the figure, forms the vessel’s chamber, used ritually to house offerings, incense, or cremated remains. Effigy urns such as this are believed to have represented deities or ancestors, serving as mediators between the living and divine.

The work exemplifies the Zapotec mastery of ceramic ritual art, combining sculptural power with religious function. Its compact scale and refined execution mark it as a votive object likely associated with household or temple shrines.

Provenance: Private Fl. Collection, acquired from Arte Xibalba, Axel Traugott, Ex. Erasmo Toledo, Coral Gables, Fl.